Low-density randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers of sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatus (L.) Lam.; 2n = 6x = 90] were constructed from 76 pseudotestcross progenies obtained from ‘Vardaman’ x ‘Regal’. Of 460 primers, 84 generating 196 well-resolved repeatable markers were selected for genetic analysis. ‘Vardaman’ and ‘Regal’ testcross progenies were analyzed for segregation and linkages of RAPD markers. Type of polyploidy, autopolyploidy, or allopolyploidy is uncertain in sweetpotato and was examined in this study using the ratio of nonsimplex to simplex RAPD markers and the ratio of simplex RAPD marker pairs linked in repulsion to coupling. Both measures indicated autopolyploidy. Low-density RAPD linkage maps of ‘Vardaman’ and ‘Regal’ were constructed from simplex RAPD marker linkage analysis. Duplex and triplex markers were then mapped manually into the simplex marker map. Homologous linkage groups were identified using nonsimplex RAPD markers and three homologous groups were found in each of the parent maps. Use of nonsimplex markers increased mapping efficiency. The ‘Vardaman’ map had a predicted coverage of 10.5% at a 25-cM interval of the genome size of 5024cM. In ‘Regal’, genome coverage was estimated to be 5.6% at a 25-cM interval of the genome size of 6560cM. Therefore, average chromosome length was 56 to 73 cM.