This is a study on Implementing CIP’s Vision: Impact targeting. This study reports an updated targeting exercise to identify priority populations of the world for CIP’s commodity research, combining indicators of livelihood and the importance of the two crops of principal concern to CIP, potato and sweetpotato. Indicators of livelihood are determined by a composite of several factors – including income, nutritional status, and mortality rates of children and of mothers during pregnancy or childbirth – as reported by the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals. The importance of each crop is estimated by production per capita. The exercise is applied to populations of nations and sub-national areas, to the extent that relevant data are available, as displayed by accompanying maps and tables.